Chinese Crested

General Appearance
A toy dog, fine-boned, elegant and graceful. The distinct varieties are born in the same litter. The Hairless with hair only on the head, tail and feet and the Powderpuff, completely covered with hair. The breed serves as a loving companion, playful and entertaining.

Size, Proportion, Substance
Size Ideally 11 to 13 inches. However, dogs that are slightly larger or smaller may be given full consideration. Proportion rectangular-proportioned to allow for freedom of movement. Body length from withers to base of tail is slightly longer than the height at the withers. Substance Fine-boned and slender but not so refined as to appear breakable or alternatively, not a robust, heavy structure.

Head
Expression Alert and intense. Eyes Almond-shaped, set wide apart. Dark-colored dogs have dark-colored eyes, and lighter-colored dogs may have lighter-colored eyes. Eye rims match the coloring of the dog. Ears Uncropped large and erect, placed so that the base of the ear is level with the outside corner of the eye. Skull The skull is arched gently over the occiput from ear to ear. Distance from occiput to stop equal to distance from stop to tip of nose. The head is wedge-shaped viewed from above and the side. Stop Slight but distinct. Muzzle Cheeks taper cleanly into the muzzle. Nose Dark in dark-colored dogs; may be lighter in lighter-colored dogs. Pigment is solid. Lips Lips are clean and tight. Bite Scissors or level in both varieties. Missing teeth in the Powderpuff are to be faulted. The Hairless variety is not to be penalized for absence of full dentition.

Neck, Topline, Body
Neck Neck is lean and clean, slightly arched from the withers to the base of the skull and carried high.
Topline Level to slightly sloping croup. Body Brisket extends to the elbow. Breastbone is not prominent. Ribs are well developed. The depth of the chest tapers to a moderate tuck-up at the flanks. Light in loin.
Tail Tail is slender and tapers to a curve. It is long enough to reach the hock. When dog is in motion, the tail is carried gaily and may be carried slightly forward over the back. At rest the tail is down with a slight curve upward at the end resembling a sickle. In the Hairless variety, two-thirds of the end of the tail is covered by long, flowing feathering referred to as a plume. The Powderpuff variety's tail is completely covered with hair.

Forequarters
Angulation Layback of shoulders is 45 degrees to point of shoulder allowing for good reach.
Shoulders Clean and narrow. Elbows Close to body. Legs Long, slender and straight.
Pasterns Upright, fine and strong. Dewclaws may be removed. Feet Hare foot, narrow with elongated toes. Nails are trimmed to moderate length.

Hindquarters
Angulation Stifle moderately angulated. From hock joint to ground perpendicular. Dewclaws may be removed. Feet Same as forequarters.

Coat
The Hairless variety has hair on certain portions of the body: the head (called a crest), the tail (called a plume) and the feet from the toes to the front pasterns and rear hock joints (called socks). The texture of all hair is soft and silky, flowing to any length. Placement of hair is not as important as overall type. Areas that have hair usually taper off slightly. Wherever the body is hairless, the skin is soft and smooth. Head Crest begins at the stop and tapers off between the base of the skull and the back of the neck. Hair on the ears and face is permitted on the Hairless and may be trimmed for neatness in both varieties. Tail Plume is described under Tail. The Powderpuff variety is completely covered with a double soft and silky coat. Close examination reveals long thin guard hairs over the short silky undercoat. The coat is straight, of moderate density and length. Excessively heavy, kinky or curly coat is to be penalized. Grooming is minimal-consisting of presenting a clean and neat appearance.

Color
Any color or combination of colors.

Gait
Lively, agile and smooth without being stilted or hackneyed. Comes and goes at a trot moving in a straight line.

Temperament
Gay and alert.

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Japanese Chin

General Appearance
The Japanese Chin is a small, well balanced, lively, aristocratic toy dog with a distinctive Oriental expression. It is light and stylish in action. The plumed tail is carried over the back, curving to either side. The coat is profuse, silky, soft and straight. The dog's outline presents a square appearance.

Size, Proportion, Substance
Size Ideal size is 8 inches to 11 inches at the highest point of the withers. Proportion Length between the sternum and the buttock is equal to the height at the withers. Substance Solidly built, compact, yet refined.
Carrying good weight in proportion to height and body build.

Head
Expression bright, inquisitive, alert, and intelligent. The distinctive Oriental expression is characterized by the large broad head, large wide-set eyes, short broad muzzle, ear feathering, and the evenly patterned facial markings. Eyes set wide apart, large, round, dark in color, and lustrous. A small amount of white showing in the inner corners of the eyes is a breed characteristic that gives the dog a look of astonishment. Ears hanging, small, V-shaped, wide apart, set slightly below the crown of the skull. When alert, the ears are carried forward and downward. The ears are well feathered and fit into the rounded contour of the head. Skull large, broad, slightly rounded between the ears but not domed. Forehead is prominent, rounding toward the nose. Wide across the level of the eyes. In profile, the forehead and muzzle touch on the same vertical plane of a right angle whose horizontal plane is the top of the skull. Stop deep. Muzzle short and broad with well-cushioned cheeks and rounded upper lips that cover the teeth. Nose very short with wide, open nostrils. Set on a level with the middle of the eyes and upturned. Nose leather is black in the black and white and the black and white with tan points, and is self-colored or black in the red and white. Bite The jaw is wide and slightly undershot. A dog with one or two missing or slightly misaligned teeth should not be severely penalized. The Japanese Chin is very sensitive to oral examination. If the dog displays any hesitancy, judges are asked to defer to the handler for presentation of the bite.

Neck, Topline, Body
Neck moderate in length and thickness. Well set on the shoulders enabling the dog to carry its head up proudly.

Topline level
Body square, moderately wide in the chest with rounded ribs. Depth of rib extends to the elbow. Tail set on high, carried arched up over the back and flowing to either side of the body.

Forequarters
Legs straight, and fine boned, with the elbows set close to the body. Removal of dewclaws is optional. Feet hare-shaped with feathering on the ends of the toes in the mature dog. Point straight ahead or very slightly outward.

Hindquarters
Legs straight as viewed from the rear and fine boned. Moderate bend of stifle. Removal of dewclaws is optional. Feet hare-shaped with feathering on the ends of the toes in the mature dog. Point straight ahead.

Coat
Abundant, straight, single, and silky. Has a resilient texture and a tendency to stand out from the body, especially on neck, shoulders, and chest areas where the hair forms a thick mane or ruff. The tail is profusely coated and forms a plume. The rump area is heavily coated and forms culottes or pants. The head and muzzle are covered with short hair except for the heavily feathered ears. The forelegs have short hair blending into profuse feathering on the backs of the legs. The rear legs have the previously described culottes, and in mature dogs, light feathering from hock joint to the foot.

Color
Either black and white, red and white, or black and white with tan points. The term tan points shall include tan or red spots over each eye, inside the ears, on both cheeks, and at the anal vent area if displaying any black. The term red shall include all shades of red, orange, and lemon, and sable, which includes any aforementioned shade intermingled or overlaid with black. Among the allowed colors there shall be no preference when judging. A clearly defined white muzzle and blaze are preferable to a solidly marked head. Symmetry of facial markings is preferable. The size, shape, placement or number of body patches is not of great importance. The white is clear of excessive ticking.

Gait
Stylish and lively in movement. Moves straight with front and rear legs following in the same plane.

Temperament
A sensitive and intelligent dog whose only purpose is to serve man as a companion. Responsive and affectionate with those it knows and loves but reserved with strangers or in new situations.

Papillon

General Appearance
The Papillon is a small, friendly, elegant toy dog of fine-boned structure, light, dainty and of lively action; distinguished from other breeds by its beautiful butterfly-like ears.

Size, Proportion, Substance
Size Height at withers, 8 to 11 inches. Fault-Over 11 inches. Disqualification Over 12 inches.
Proportion Body must be slightly longer than the height at withers. It is not a cobby dog. Weight is in proportion to height.
Substance Of fine-boned structure .

Head
Eyes dark, round, not bulging, of medium size and alert in expression. The inner corners of the eyes are on line with the stop. Eye rims black. Ears The ears of either the erect or drop type should be large with rounded tips, and set on the sides and toward the back of the head. (1) Ears of the erect type are carried obliquely and move like the spread wings of a butterfly. When alert, each ear forms an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the head. The leather should be of sufficient strength to maintain the erect position. (2) Ears of the drop type, known as the Phalene, are similar to the erect type, but are carried drooping and must be completely down. Faults-Ears small, pointed, set too high; one ear up, or ears partly down. Skull The head is small. The skull is of medium width and slightly rounded between the ears. A well-defined stop is formed where the muzzle joins the skull. Muzzle The muzzle is fine, abruptly thinner than the head, tapering to the nose. The length of the muzzle from the tip of the nose to stop is approximately one-third the length of the head from tip of nose to occiput. Nose black, small, rounded and slightly flat on top. The following fault shall be severely penalized-Nose not black. Lips tight, thin and black. Tongue must not be visible when jaws are closed. Bite Teeth must meet in a scissors bite. Faults-Over shot or undershot.

Neck, Topline, Body
Neck of medium length.
Topline The backline is straight and level.
Body The chest is of medium depth with ribs well sprung. The belly is tucked up. Tail long, set high and carried well arched over the body. The tail is covered with a long, flowing plume. The plume may hang to either side of the body. Faults-Low-set tail; one not arched over the back, or too short.

Forequarters
Shoulders well developed and laid back to allow freedom of movement. Forelegs slender, fine-boned and must be straight. Removal of dewclaws on forelegs optional. Front feet thin and elongated (hare-like), pointing neither in nor out.

Hindquarters
Well developed and well angulated. The hind legs are slender, fine-boned, and parallel when viewed from behind. Hocks inclined neither in nor out. Dewclaws, if any, must be removed from hind legs. Hind feet thin and elongated (hare-like), pointing neither in nor out.

Coat
Abundant, long, fine, silky, flowing, straight with resilient quality, flat on back and sides of body. A profuse frill on chest. There is no undercoat. Hair short and close on skull, muzzle, front of forelegs, and from hind feet to hocks. Ears well fringed, with the inside covered with silken hair of medium length. Backs of the forelegs are covered with feathers diminishing to the pasterns. Hind legs are covered to the hocks with abundant breeches (culottes). Tail is covered with a long, flowing plume. Hair on feet is short, but fine tufts may appear over toes and grow beyond them, forming a point.

Color
Always parti-color or white with patches of any color(s). On the head, color(s) other than white must cover both ears, back and front, and extend without interruption from the ears over both eyes. A clearly defined white blaze and noseband are preferred to a solidly marked head. Symmetry of facial markings is desirable. The size, shape, placement, and presence or absence of patches of color on the body are without importance. Among the colors there is no preference, provided nose, eye rims and lips are well pigmented black. The following faults shall be severely penalized-Color other than white not covering both ears, back and front, or not extending from the ears over both eyes. A slight extension of the white collar onto the base of the ears, or a few white hairs interspersed among the color, shall not be penalized, provided the butterfly appearance is not sacrificed. Disqualifications An all white dog or a dog with no white.

Gait
Free, quick, easy, graceful, not paddlefooted, or stiff in hip movements.

Temperament
Happy, alert and friendly. Neither shy nor aggressive.

Pomeranian

General Appearance
The Pomeranian is a compact, short-backed, active toy dog. He has a soft, dense undercoat with a profuse harsh-textured outer coat. His heavily plumed tail is set high and lies flat on his back. He is alert in character, exhibits intelligence in expression, is buoyant in deportment, and is inquisitive by nature. The Pomeranian is cocky, commanding, and animated as he gaits. He is sound in composition and action.



Size, Proportion, Substance
The average weight of the Pomeranian is from 3 to 7 pounds, with the ideal weight for the show specimen being 4 to 6 pounds. Any dog over or under the limits is objectionable. However, overall quality is to be favored over size. The distance from the point of shoulder to the point of buttocks is slightly shorter than from the highest point of the withers to the ground. the distance from the brisket to the ground is half the height at the withers. He is medium-boned, and the length of his legs is in proportion to a well-balanced frame. When examined, he feels sturdy.

Head
The head is in balance with the body. The muzzle is rather short, straight, fine, free of lippiness and never snipey. His expression is alert and may be referred to as fox-like. The skull is closed. The top of the skull is slightly rounded, but not domed. When viewed from the front and side, one sees small ears which are mounted high and carried erect. To form a wedge, visualize a line from the tip of the nose ascending through the center of the eyes and the tip of the ears. The eyes are dark, bright, medium in size and almond-shaped. They are set well into the skull on either side of a well-pronounced stop. The pigmentation is black on the nose and eye rims except self-colored in brown, beaver, and blue dogs. The teeth meet in a scissors bite. One tooth out of alignment is acceptable. Major Faults: Round, domed skull; under-shot mouth; overshot mouth.

Neck, Topline, Body
The neck is short with its base set well into the shoulders to allow the head to be carried high. The back is short with a level topline. The body is compact and well-ribbed with brisket reaching the elbow. The plumed tail is one of the characteristics of the breed, and lies flat and straight on the back.

Forequarters
The Pomeranian has sufficient layback of shoulders to carry the neck and head proud and high. The shoulders and legs are moderately muscled. The length of the shoulder blade and upper arm are equal. The forelegs are straight and parallel to each other. Height from elbows to withers approximately equals height from ground to elbow. The pasterns are straight and strong. The feet are well-arched, compact, and turn neither in nor out. He stands well up on his toes. Dewclaws may be removed. Major Faults: Down in pasterns.

Hindquarters
The angulation of the hindquarters balances that of the forequarters. The buttocks are well behind the set of the tail. The thighs are moderately muscled with stifles that are moderately bent and clearly defined. The hocks are perpendicular to the ground and the legs are straight and parallel to each other. The feet are well-arched, compact, and turn neither in nor out. He stands well up on his toes. Dewclaws, if any on the hind legs may be removed. Major Faults: Cowhocks or lack of soundness in hind legs or stifles.

Coat
A Pomeranian is noted for its double coat. The undercoat is soft and dense. The outer-coat is long, straight, glistening and harsh in texture. A thick undercoat will hold up and permit the guard hair to stand off from the Pomeranian's body. The coat is abundant from the neck and fore part of shoulders and chest, forming a frill which extends over the shoulders and chest. The head and leg coat is tightly packed and shorter in length than that of the body. The forequarters are well-feathered to the hock. The tail is profusely covered with long, harsh, spreading straight hair. Trimming for neatness and a clean outline is permissible. Major Faults: Soft, flat or open coat.

Color
All colors, patterns, and variations there-of are allowed and must be judged on an equal basis. Patterns: Black and Tan - tan or rust sharply defined, appearing above each eye and on muzzle, throat, and forechest, on all legs and feet and below the tail. The richer the tan the more desirable; Brindle - the base color is gold, red, or orange-brindled with strong black cross stripes; Parti-color - is white with any other color distributed in patches with a white blaze preferred on the head. Classifications: The Open Classes at specialty shows may be divided by color as follows: Open Red, Orange, Cream, and Sable; Open Black, Brown, and Blue; Open Any Other Color, Pattern, or Variation.

Gait
The Pomeranian's gait is smooth, free, balanced and vigorous. He has good reach in his forequarters and strong drive with his hindquarters. Each rear leg moves in line with the foreleg on the same side. To achieve balance, his legs converge slightly inward toward a center line beneath his body. The rear and front legs are thrown neither in nor out. The topline remains level, and his overall balance and outline are maintained.

Temperament
The Pomeranian is an extrovert, exhibiting great intelligence and a vivacious spirit, making him a great companion dog as well as a competitive show dog. Even though a toy, the Pomeranian must be subject to the same requirements of soundness and structure prescribed for all breeds, and any deviation fro, the ideal described in the standard should be penalizeod to the extent of the devination.

Pekingese

General Appearance

The Pekingese is a well-balanced, compact dog with heavy front and lighter hindquarters. It must suggest its Chinese origin in its directness, independence, individuality and expression. Its image is lionlike. It should imply courage, boldness and self-esteem rather than prettiness, daintiness or delicacy

Size, Proportion, Substance

Size/Substance The Pekingese should be surprisingly heavy when lifted. It has a stocky, muscular body. The bone of the forequarters must be very heavy in relation to the size of the dog. All weights are correct within the limit of 14 pounds, provided that type and points are not sacrificed. Disqualification: weight over 14 pounds.

Proportion The length of the body, from the front of the breast bone in a straight line to the buttocks, is slightly greater than the height at the withers. Overall balance is of utmost importance.

Head

Skull The topskull is massive, broad and flat (not dome-shaped). The topskull, the high, wide cheek bones, broad lower jaw and wide chin are the structural formation of the correctly shaped face. When viewed frontally, the skull is wider than deep and contributes to the rectangular envelope-shaped appearance of the head. In profile, the Pekingese face must be flat. The chin, nose leather and brow all lie in one plane. In the natural position of the head, this plane appears vertical but slants very slightly backward from chin to forehead. Nose It is black, broad, very short and in profile, contributes to the flat appearance of the face. Nostrils are open. The nose is positioned between the eyes so that a line drawn horizontally across the top of the nose intersects the center of the eyes. Eyes They are large, very dark, round, lustrous and set wide apart. The look is bold, not bulging. The eye rims are black and the white of the eye does not show when the dog is looking straight ahead. Wrinkle It effectively separates the upper and lower areas of the face. The appearance is of a hair covered fold of skin, extending from one cheek, over the bridge of the nose in a wide inverted "V", to the other cheek. It is NEVER so prominent or heavy as to crowd the facial features nor to obscure a large portion of the eyes or the nose from view. Stop It is deep. The bridge of the nose is completely obscured from view by hair and/or the over-nose wrinkle. Muzzle This is very short and broad with high, wide cheek bones. The color of the skin is black. Whiskers add to the Oriental expression.Mouth The lower jaw is slightly undershot. The lips meet on a level plane and neither teeth nor tongue show when the mouth is closed. The lower jaw is strong, wide, firm and straight across at the chin. An excessively strong chin is as undesirable as a weak one.Ears They are heart-shaped and set on the front corners of the skull extending the line of the topskull. Correctly placed ears frame the sides of the face and with their heavy feathering create an illusion of additional width of the head.Pigment The skin of the nose, lips and eye rims is black on all colors.

Neck, Topline, Body

Neck It is very short, thick and set back into the shoulder.

Body This is pear-shaped and compact. It is heavy in front with well-sprung ribs slung between the forelegs. The broad chest, with little or no protruding breast bone, tapers to lighter loins with a distinct waist. The topline is level.

Tail The base is set high; the remainder is carried well over the center of the back. Long, profuse straight feathering may fall to either side.

Forequarters

They are short, thick and heavy-boned. The bones of the forelegs are slightly bowed between the pastern and elbow. Shoulders are gently laid back and fit smoothly into the body. The elbows are always close to the body. Front feet are large, flat and turned slightly out. The dog must stand well up on feet.

Hindquarters

They are lighter in bone than the forequarters. There is moderate angulation and definition of stifle and hock. When viewed from behind, the rear legs are reasonably close and parallel and the feet point straight ahead. Soundness is essential in both forequarters and hindquarters.

Coat

Body Coat It is full-bodied, with long, coarse textured, straight, stand-off coat and thick, softer undercoat. The coat forms a noticeable mane on the neck and shoulder area with the coat on the remainder of the body somewhat shorter in length. A long and profuse coat is desirable providing that it does not obscure the shapeliness of the body, nor sacrifice the correct coat texture.

Feathering Long feathering is found on the back of the thighs and forelegs, and on the ears, tail and toes. The feathering is left on the toes but should not be so long as to prevent free movement.

Color

All coat colors and markings, including parti-colors, are allowable and of equal merit.

Gait

The gait is unhurried and dignified, with a slight roll over the shoulders. The rolling gait is caused by the bowed front legs and heavier, wider forequarters pivoting on the tapered waist and the lighter, straight parallel hindquarters. The rolling motion is smooth and effortless and is as free as possible from bouncing, prancing or jarring.

Temperament

A combination of regal dignity, self-importance, self-confidence and exasperating stubbornness make for a good natured, lively and affectionate companion to those who have earned its respect. The foregoing is a description of the ideal Pekingese. Any deviation should be penalized in direct proportion to the extent of that deviation.

POINTS:

Expression 5

Nose 5

Stop 5

Muzzle 5

Legs and Feet 15

Tail 5

Skull 10

Eyes 5

Ears 5

Shape of Body 20

Coat, Feather & Condition 10

Action. 10

Total 100

Silky Terrier

Description
The Silky Terrier, also called the Sidney Terrier, is a fine-boned, moderately low-set, long-haired terrier. It is compact but lightly built. It has erect, v-shaped ears and a docked tail. (Docking is illegal in some European Countries.) The head is flat and wide between the ears, with a shallow stop. The nose is black and the eyes are round and dark with a piercing expression. The teeth should form a scissors bite with a sturdy jaw. The body is slightly longer than tall with a level topline. The round, catlike feet are small and well-padded. Dewclaws should be removed. The coat is long, about 5-6 inches (12-15 cm). The fine, silky, shiny hair has no undercoat. It is very prone to tangles and mats unless frequently groomed. The coat should not reach the floor. The hair is parted down the center of the back. The coat comes in blue & fire red, or blue with tan markings. Many shades of blue are permitted. The topknot should be lighter in color than the tan points. Silky Terriers are born black.

Temperament
This loving, little terrier is very intelligent, courageous and alert. Affectionate, spunky cheerful and sociable, they like to be close to their master, but do not accept them to be a "mellow" lap dog. They are full of energy. Curious about everything, it is an enthusiastic digger. Active, keen and demanding. Smart and quick, though a bit willful as with most terriers. Despite its size, this docile dog is watchful and protective. Normally these dogs are very loving with children if they are raised with them, but they can be snappish if peeved and should not be rough-handled or teased. A hardy little fellow, it is a good dog to travel with. It makes an excellent watchdog, but can become a barker if not controlled. They are reserved with strangers and not generally trustworthy with other pets. Socialize them well with cats when they are still a puppy or they will chase them when they get older. Can get jealous and pick fights with other dogs. Training these dogs is very straight- forward because it is very eager to learn.

Height, Weight
Height: 9-10 inches (23-25 cm.)
Females are generally smaller than the males.
Weight: 8-11 pounds (4-5 kg.)

Health Problems
Generally healthy. Minor concerns are intervertebral disc disease, elbow dysplasia, patellar luxation and Legg-Perthes. This breed sometimes is afflicted with diabetes, epilepsy, tracheal collapse.

Living Conditions
The Silky Terrier is good for apartment life. They are very active indoors and will do okay without a yard.

Exercise
The Silky Terrier is full of energy and needs to go on daily . It has surprising stamina and will enjoy regular chances to run and play.

Life Expectancy
About 12-15 years.

Grooming
The Silky Terrier is very prone to tangles and mats and needs daily combing and brushing. It should be bathed regularly to keep the hair in top condition. It takes quite a commitment from its owner, requiring about 15 minutes a day. After bathing, make sure the dog is thoroughly dry and warm. The coat must be trimmed occasionally, and the hair on the legs from the knees down is often trimmed short. The hair that falls over the eyes is tied up in a topknot so the dog will be able to see easier. The Silky Terrier sheds little to no hair.

Origin
The Silky Terrier was originally developed in 19th century Australia from other terrier breeds such as the Skye and Cairn but primarily the Australian Terrier and the Yorkshire Terrier. American servicemen stationed in Australia during World War II brought Silky Terriers home with them after the war. The breed was recognized by the AKC in 1959 and its standard was established in 1962 (and later updated in 1967). Though the Silky Terrier has always been primarily a companion dog, this swift little dog can catch domestic rodents.

Maltese

Maltese Information

Description
The Maltese is a really unique looking dog, which boasts a very elegant appearance and moves really gracefully. This adorable little toy dog has a compact but sturdy body, and with its flowing coat of hair comes across as petite and very glamorous. The coat of these dogs is long, white, and very silky. Some may also have beige or yellow markings on the coat.


The face of this dog is small, adorable, and sports an alert and intelligent expression. Some Maltese dogs may have curly or woolly hair rather than the typical smooth, silky hair. The skull of these dogs is slightly rounded, and the black button nose and dark eyes stand out against the white face of the animal.

Temperament
Although the Maltese dog tend to be sweet, affectionate, and gentle in most cases, he can also display a jealous streak as he tends to be very competitive when it comes to getting attention. These dogs do not like to be treated roughly, and it is therefore best not to have them around younger or boisterous children. The breed can get on well with other animals providing they don’t feel threatened by them. The Maltese dog is a very intelligent, alert, and eager dog, but can be quite shy when it comes to meeting strangers.

Height & weight
The Maltese dog tends to reach around nine to ten inches in height, and in terms of weight will normally reach around four to six pounds.

Common health / behavioral problems
Although this dog breed is not really prone to many health problems, a couple of the issues that may affect the health of these dogs include luxating patella and eye problems.

Trainability
The Maltese should not pose any problems when it comes to training, as this breed is very eager, responsive, and intelligent, which makes life far easier for the owner when it comes to training. As with all dogs breeds, however, you should always exercise patience and understanding during the training process.

Ideal living conditions
The Maltese is a small, indoor toy dog, and does not need much space when it comes to living conditions. This is a pet that would therefore fare just as well in an apartment as in a house, and will be happy to amuse himself indoors, as the breed does not require a great deal of exercise.

Exercise requirements
Maltese does not require a great deal of exercise, and in most cases will be happy to play and exercise indoors. However, these dogs do like some activity, and will enjoy being taken for a daily walk, which should easily be enough to fill their exercise requirement needs.

Diet & nutrition
Your Maltese should enjoy a well balanced and nutritious diet, and should be fed on high quality food that will provide nourishment and will keep him full for longer. Regular, small portions are well suited to this breed, and you should ensure that he always has access to fresh water.

Life expectancy
A healthy and fit Maltese dog can expect to live for around twelve to fourteen years.

Grooming requirements
Although this breed does not need much in the way of exercise, the grooming requirements for this breed are high. You will need to brush his coat daily in order to keep it in good condition, and a weekly shampooing is also recommended. You should ensure that you keep a regular check on the dog’s eyes, as they can be prone to eye problems.

Origin
As the name would suggest, the Maltese dog breed originated from Malta.

Dog group
AKC Toy, Gun Dog




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Miniature Pinscher

Should You Buy a Miniature Pinscher
If you love the sleek, muscled appearance of the Doberman Pinscher, but you don't want a big dog, you may want to consider a Miniature Pinscher. These dogs are very similar in appearance to Dobermans, but are almost one hundred pounds lighter.

The Miniature Pinscher may look like a miniature Doberman, but these dogs are not actually directly related. In fact, the Miniature Pinscher was developed long before the Doberman. The Miniature Pinscher was created by breeding the German Pinscher to a smaller breed. The American Kennel Club classifies the Miniature Pinscher as a part of the Toy Group, but these dogs are not cute little lapdogs. The Miniature Pinscher was bred to be a tough, aggressive ratter. The Min Pin weighs in at 8 to 10 pounds and stands 10 to 12 inches high.

Miniature Pinschers have a compact, muscular frame. Their intelligent eyes are so dark brown that they look black. The Min Pin's short coat can be red, stag red, black and rust, or chocolate and rust. This breed's tails are docked. In addition, some people crop their Miniature Pinscher's ears, but this is not necessary. Most of these dogs develop pricked ears as they mature.

The high energy Miniature Pinscher does well in apartment settings, as long as you are willing to go for a long walk once a day. Of course, the Min Pin also enjoys the freedom of a fenced yard. These dogs have a tendency to roam and they will search for ways to escape, so be sure your yard has a securely fenced exercise area. If you live in an area with busy streets, your dog's escape could prove fatal, since the Miniature Pinscher is too small to be easily seen from a moving car.

Miniature Pinschers are very loyal dogs, and are deeply devoted to their owners, but that loyalty does not always extend to small children. This breed has a tendency to be nippy with babies and toddlers. If you have family members with children who visit frequently, you may want to crate your dog while your guests are there to avoid problems. In addition, some of these dogs are quite high strung and will become aggressive to adults, especially mail carriers and deliverymen.

While Miniature Pinschers are small, most of them are a bit stubborn and hard to control. Your puppy should attend obedience classes and you should be careful to follow up on every command. These dogs enjoy agility training and attending competitions gives them a chance to shine. The Min Pin was bred to work and takes vermin seriously. If a mouse gets into your house, your dog will not rest until it is caught.

Miniature Pinschers can have several serious health problems, such as heart conditions, thyroid conditions, and epilepsy. In addition, these dogs are prone to hip dysplasia, which is a rare thing in small breeds.

Miniature Pinschers do not consume huge quantities of food, but they have a tendency to be a bit gluttonous. You may need to switch to a food that controls weight gain if you notice your sleek Miniature Pinscher is starting to resemble a blowfish with legs.

Min Pins require little grooming, but they do have problems with overgrown nails. Be sure to check your dog's nails frequently.

The Miniature Pinscher is not for everyone, but if you want a dog who is completely loyal to you, you may want to consider this breed.

Pug

Is the Lovable Pug the Right Breed for You
If you've seen Men In Black or Milo and Otis, you probably have fallen in love with the charming Pugs who acted in these movies. While the distinctive appearance of this breed may be the first thing that attracts people to the Pug, it is the Pug's personality that wins the lifelong devotion of dog fanciers.

The American Kennel Club classifies the Pug as a member of the Toy Group. Pugs weigh in at fourteen to eighteen pounds. Their distinctive squashed face and curly tails gives them a slightly pig like appearance. Pugs come in silver, black, or beige colors with a black mask. They have broad chests and are very muscular despite their small size.

Pugs have a reputation for being so good natured that people can literally walk on them. However, don't let this breed's laid back attitude fool you. This dog will turn from a lover to a fighter in an instant if an intruder threatens his human. Pugs are wonderful with children and other pets. In fact, Pugs have been known to perform feats such as gently carrying an escaped parakeet to his owner without disturbing even a feather. However, Pugs are more likely to cause allergies than some other breeds. Pugs and children with allergy induced asthma are not a good combination.

Pugs are perfectly content to live in apartments or town homes. Although the Pug doesn't require a lot of exercise, you should be sure he stays in shape to keep him healthy. A daily walk around the block should be enough exercise, but he will be happy to walk much further, as well. Just be sure that you use a harness on your Pug instead of a collar, as these dogs don't need to develop problems with their windpipes, since they already have pushed in noses.

While Pugs can learn obedience, these little guys aren't the fastest learners. Your Pug may not learn to sit or heel as fast as other breeds. However, once he learns he will be extremely proud of himself. You may want to try attending puppy obedience classes with your Pug. If he just can't grasp the commands, try again when he is a few months older.

Pugs love food. They are happy to eat whatever you give them and will learn undignified tricks if you reward them with treats. You should make every effort to limit your Pug's food intake, since these dogs can suffer from knee problems, which grow worse if the dog is overweight. Pugs can also suffer from Demodectic mange and frequently receive eye injuries.

If you want a dog breed that does not need much grooming, a Pug is ideal. Just brush through your dog's coat once a week to remove loose hair and dirt. You also should keep an eye on his face wrinkles to be sure the creases do not begin to smell or develop bacteria.

If you want a dog breed that is all heart and you don't mind him snoring and snorting in your ear all night, then a Pug may be the perfect choice for you.






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Standard Poodle

So You Want a Standard Poodle

Some people take one look at the fluffy, immaculately groomed Standard Poodles in the show ring and discount them as silly, shallow dogs. However, the Standard Poodle is considered by many people to be the most intelligent breed in the world, with the reasoning ability of a three year old child.

These dogs may look like lightweights in the show ring, but they were originally bred to work hard in the water. The Standard Poodle spent hours retrieving water fowl for hunters and the breed's dense coat helped protect it from the cold, damp working conditions. Because the breed is not commonly used as a working dog today, The American Kennel Club classifies the Standard Poodle as part of the Non-Sporting Group. These dogs weigh 45 to 70 pounds and stand over 15 inches tall.

The Standard Poodle has a muscular body under all of that hair. Its ears are long and fold over close to the head and its eyes are dark brown and filled with intelligence. This dog's tail is docked and stands erect. The tail should not curve over the dog's back. The Standard Poodle comes in a wide range of colors, including apricot, black, cream, red, blue, gray, silver, brown, parti-color, and white. Overall, the white and cream colored Standard Poodles seem to be a bit more high strung and nervous than other colors, while black Standard Poodles seem calmer.

The Standard Poodle does best in family settings and is extremely devoted to its family's children. This breed also is an excellent choice for families with more than one dog, as the Standard Poodle rarely meets a dog it doesn't like. If you have a cat, be prepared for your dog to rampage through the house as he gives chase, although when he finally catches up to the cat, he will just want to play.

If you live in an apartment, your dog will need to take a long walk or go for a romp in the park every day. These dogs can live in apartments, but do much better in a home with a fenced yard.

Because of its high intelligence, this breed enjoys learning and should attend puppy obedience classes. In addition, Standard Poodles need to be socialized as puppies, or their natural aloofness with strangers can turn to fear. Your puppy will work hard during classes, because he will want to please you. If he can't figure out what you want him to do, he will wrinkle his brow and try again. If he still can't figure it out, he may start to get depressed and frustrated. If this happens, give him a command that he already knows and after he joyously obeys he will be ready to try to learn the new command again. Many Standard Poodles and their owners go on to take advanced classes so that they can compete in obedience and agility trials.

The Standard Poodle breed has several common health problems. Addison's disease, hip dysplasia, and epilepsy problems are prevalent enough that many breeders actually screen their parent dogs to be sure they don't carry these genetic faults. Your dog could also suffer from renal disease, bloat, and skin problems.

Standard Poodles are big dogs and have big appetites. If you've never had a big dog before, be prepared for a noticeable increase in the grocery budget. These dogs also should receive a daily vitamin. In addition, ask your veterinarian about giving your poodle a daily vitamin C tablet, which many veterinarians say can help decrease the chance of hip dysplasia. If you do not want to spend time grooming a dog, don't buy a Standard Poodle. These dogs need to be brushed daily, and, with their large size, it can take an hour or more to thoroughly brush out a Standard Poodle's coat. Also, you will have to learn to cut your poodle's hair or you will need to take him to a professional groomer every six weeks.

The Standard Poodle is a fun loving, intelligent dog. If you don't mind brushing your dog instead of watching the news, this may be the breed for you.

Yorkshire Terrier Care

Yorkshire Terrier Care

Yorkshire Terriers, more commonly known as Yorkies, are one of the most popular toy dog breeds. They make great companions and love attention! They are very affectionate but demand plenty of time and devotion from their owners.

This breed is only about 100 year old. It was developed in northern England to catch rats that lived in mine shafts. It was also used as a hunting dog that could go into fox and badger burrows. It is not clear, however, how they developed this breed. It is thought that they came from crossing terriers like Skye and Clydesdale with other terriers such as the Leeds, Maltese, Dandie Dinmont and the Black and Tan Manchester. The Yorkie breed was originally much bigger than it is now, but people have selectively bred the smallest dogs to make this dog tiny. It became a fashion dog and was often carried around by women in their bags. Today, the average weight of this dog is seven pounds.

The Yorkie has as very silky, long coat that parts at the spine and grows down either side of the dog. Unlike many other breeds, the hair of this breed does not stop growing. It needs to be cut regularly. It also does not have an undercoat which prevents it from shedding. This is great if you suffer from allergies because you won't have to worry about hair being everywhere. The coat is blue and tan, but puppies are black and tan. As the dog matures, the black becomes blue.

Although the Yorkie is very small, these dogs seem oblivious of this. They don't seem to be scared of anything! They are very adventurous, energetic, loyal, playful, brave, sweet, loving and intelligent. Yorkies are extremely affectionate with their owners but are often suspicious when strangers come around. If other small animals come around, they can even be aggressive. This breed is very dependant and demanding of its owners. It needs more human attention than most breeds. This dog makes a great lap dog and enjoys being held all day more than anything.

The Yorkie doesn't do well with small children but is tolerant of older children if they treat the dog with care. The dog can be territorial and likes to have its own space. Yorkies learn things very easily but can become willful which sometimes makes training difficult. You must be consistent and firm when training. They also can be difficult to housebreak. This breed does best with praise because they love attention and hate to be ignored.

One of the most demanding requirements of this dog is grooming. It needs to be groomed every day. The coat needs to be brushed and the eyes and ears need to be cleaned. Also, the teeth should be cleaned regularly. The hair on top of the head is usually tied back with a bow or band.

Because of the Yorkie's small size, it is very fragile and needs to be treated with care. It can get hurt very easily and must be watched. They are also prone to teeth problems so you need to make sure you take care of their teeth.

This dog makes a great companion that will give you lots of love. Just make sure you have the time to devote to this dog as they do require lots of your time. If you care for the dog properly, it can live for twelve to fifteen years.


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Chihuahau information

Chihuahua Breed Standard

General Appearance
A graceful, alert, swift-moving little dog with saucy expression, compact, and with terrier-like qualities of temperament.

Size, Proportion, Substance
Weight - A well balanced little dog not to exceed 6 pounds. Proportion - The body is off-square; hence, slightly longer when measured from point of shoulder to point of buttocks, than height at the withers. Somewhat shorter bodies are preferred in males. Disqualification - Any dog over 6 pounds in weight.

Head
A well rounded "apple dome" skull, with or without molera. Expression - Saucy. Eyes - Full, but not protruding, balanced, set well apart-luminous dark or luminous ruby. (Light eyes in blond or white-colored dogs permissible.) Ears - Large, erect type ears, held more upright when alert, but flaring to the sides at a 45 degree angle when in repose, giving breadth between the ears. Muzzle - Moderately short, slightly pointed. Cheeks and jaws lean. Nose - Self-colored in blond types, or black. In moles, blues, and chocolates, they are self-colored. In blond types, pink nose permissible. Bite - Level or scissors. Overshot or undershot bite, or any distortion of the bite or jaw, should be penalized as a serious fault. Disqualifications - Broken down or cropped ears.

Neck, Topline, Body
Neck - Slightly arched, gracefully sloping into lean shoulders. Topline - Level. Body - Ribs rounded and well sprung (but not too much "barrel-shaped"). Tail - Moderately long, carried sickle either up or out, or in a loop over the back, with tip just touching the back. (Never tucked between legs.) Disqualifications - Cropped tail, bobtail.

Forequarters
Shoulders - Lean, sloping into a slightly broadening support above straight forelegs that set well under, giving a free play at the elbows. Shoulders should be well up, giving balance and soundness, sloping into a level back. (Never down or low.) This gives a chestiness, and strength of forequarters, yet not of the "Bulldog" chest. Feet - A small, dainty foot with toes well split up but not spread, pads cushioned. (Neither the hare nor the cat foot.) Pasterns - Fine.

Hindquarters
Muscular, with hocks well apart, neither out nor in, well let down, firm and sturdy. The feet are as in front.

Coat
In the Smooth Coats, the coat should be of soft texture, close and glossy. (Heavier coats with undercoats permissible.) Coat placed well over body with ruff on neck preferred, and more scanty on head and ears. Hair on tail preferred furry. In Long Coats, the coat should be of a soft texture, either flat or slightly curly, with undercoat preferred. Ears - Fringed. (Heavily fringed ears may be tipped slightly if due to the fringes and not to weak ear leather, never down.) Tail - Full and long (as a plume). Feathering on feet and legs, pants on hind legs and large ruff on the neck desired and preferred. Disqualification - In Long Coats, too thin coat that resembles bareness.

Color
Any color-Solid, marked or splashed.

Gait
The Chihuahua should move swiftly with a firm, sturdy action, with good reach in front equal to the drive from the rear. From the rear, the hocks remain parallel to each other, and the foot fall of the rear legs follows directly behind that of the forelegs. The legs, both front and rear, will tend to converge slightly toward a central line of gravity as speed increases. The side view shows good, strong drive in the rear and plenty of reach in the front, with head carried high. The topline should remain firm and the backline level as the dog moves.

Temperament
Alert, with terrier-like qualities.





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Brussels Griffon information

Brussels Griffon
General AppearanceA toy dog, intelligent, alert, sturdy, with a thick-set short body, a smart carriage and set-up, attracting attention by its almost human expression.

Size
For the class of dogs and bitches of a small size, the weight should not exceed 7 lb. (3 kg). For the class of dogs and bitches of a large size, that is weighing more than 7 lb. (3 kg), the weight should not exceed 11 lb. (5 kg) for dogs and 12 lb. (5.5 kg) for bitches.

Note
Type and quality are of greater importance than weight, and a smaller dog that is sturdy and well proportioned should not be penalized.

Coat and Colour
There are two distinct types of coat - rough and smooth. The rough coat should be wiry and dense, the harder and more wiry the better. On no account should the dog look or feel woolly, and there should be no silky hair anywhere. The coat should not be so long as to give a shaggy appearance, but should still be distinctly different all over from the smooth coat. The head should be covered with wiry hair, slightly longer around the eyes, nose, cheeks, and chin, thus forming a fringe. The smooth coat is similar to that of the Boston Terrier or English Bulldog, with no trace of wire hair.
In the rough-coated type, coat is either:
(a) reddish brown, with a little black at the whiskers and chin allowable, or
(b) black and reddish brown mixed, usually with black mask and whiskers, or
(c) black with uniform reddish brown markings, usually appearing under the chin, on the legs, over the eyebrows, around the edges of the ears and around the vent, or
(d) solid black.
The colours of the smooth-coated type are the same as those of the rough-coated type. Any white hairs in either the rough or smooth coat are a serious fault, except for ?frost? on the black muzzle of a mature dog, which is natural.

Head
Skull large and round, with a domed forehead. Nose very black, extremely short, its tip being set back deeply between the eyes so as to form a lay-back. The nostrils large, the stop deep. Lips edged with black, not pendulous but well brought together, giving a clean finish to the mouth. Chin must be undershot, prominent, and large with an upwards sweep. The incisors of the lower jaw should protrude over the upper incisors and the lower jaw should be rather broad. Neither teeth nor tongue should show when the mouth is closed. Eyes should be set well apart, very large, black, prominent, and well open. The eyelashes long and black. Eyelids edged with black. Ears small and set rather high on the head. May be shown cropped or natural. If natural they are carried semi-erect.

Neck
Medium length, gracefully arched.

Forequarters
Forelegs of medium length, straight in bone, well muscled, set moderately wide apart and straight from the point of the shoulders as viewed from the front. Pasterns short and strong.

Body
Back level and short, brisket should be broad and deep, ribs well sprung.

Hindquarters
Hind legs set true, thighs strong and well muscled, stifles bent, hocks well let down, turning neither in nor out. Feet round, small and compact, turned neither in nor out. Toes well arched. Black pads and toenails preferred.

Tail
Set and held high, docked to about one-third.

Faults
Any white hairs in either the rough or smooth coat are a serious fault. A wry mouth is a serious fault.

Disqualifications
Dudley or butterfly nose, white spot or blaze anywhere on coat, hanging tongue, jaw overshot.
Scale of Points
Head
Skull 5
Nose and stop 10
Eyes 5
Chin and jaws 10
Ears 35
Coat
Colour 12
Texture 13 25
Body and General Conformation
Body (brisket and rib) 15
Legs 10
Feet 5 30
General appearance
(neck, topline, and tail carriage) 10 10
TOTAL 100

Beagle information

Description
A hardy, sturdy squarely-built, small hound. The Beagle has a sleek, easy-care, short coat, which can come in any hound color, for example, tri-color, black and tan, red and white, orange and white, or lemon and white. The coat is close, hard and of medium length. The beagle looks like a small English Foxhound. The skull is broad and slightly rounded, and the muzzle is straight and square. The feet are round and strong. The black nose has full nostrils for scenting. The long, wide ears are pendant. The brown or hazel eyes have a characteristic pleading expression. The tail is carried gaily, but never curled over the back. Beagles have a distinct howl / bay of a bark when they are on the hunt.

Temperament
The Beagle is a gentle, sweet, lively and curious dog that just loves everyone! A happy little tail-wagger! Sociable, brave and intelligent. Calm and loving. Excellent with children and generally good with other dogs, but should not be trusted with non-canine pets, unless they are socialized with cats and other household animals when they are young. Beagles have minds of their own. They are determined and watchful and require patient, firm training. This breed doesn't like being left alone. Consider buying two if you will be gone a lot. A Beagle has a loud baying cry that was a delight to hunting horsemen, but can be disturbing to family and neighbors. Beagles have a tendency to follow their own noses. They may take off on their own exploration if let off their leash in an unfenced area. Be careful when selecting your Beagle. The breed is being over bred and in some lines, the dogs temperament is suffering because of it.

Height, Weight
Height: Dogs 14-16 inches (36-41cm) Bitches 13-15 inches (33-38cm)There are two height classes, 13-15 inches (33-38cm) and under 13 inches (33cm).
Weight: Dogs 22-25 pounds (10-11kg) Bitches 20-23 pounds (9-10kg)

Health Problems
Some lines can be prone to heart disease, epilepsy, eye and back problems. Also prone to chondroplasia, aka dwarfism (warped front legs, like a Basset's).

Living Conditions
Beagles will do okay in an apartment if they get plenty of chances to be outdoors. They are very active indoors and a small yard will be sufficient.

Life Expectancy
About 12-15 years

Litter Size
2 - 14 puppies - Average 7

Grooming
The Beagle's smooth short-haired coat is easy to look after. Brush with a firm bristle brush, and bathe with mild soap only when necessary. Dry shampoo occasionally. Be sure to check the ears carefully for signs of infection and keep the nails trimmed. This breed is an average shedder.

Origin
The Beagle is one of the most popular scent hounds because of his energy, willingness, and merry, sweet disposition. The breed probably originated as a cross between the Harrier and other hounds in England. The Beagle has been used in packs, alone, and in pairs, for hunting hare, pheasant and quail. He has also served as an excellent narcotics detection dog and makes a fine family companion. Unfortunately, because they are fairly uniform in size and small, Beagles are often used for medical experimentation.

Shih Tzu Training

Shih Tzu training can be a tough road to walk with a new puppy. What do you do with a puppy who pees absolutely everywhere and barks to no end? It can be so frustrating to deal with this and a real test of your patience. What is the best way and method for training your puppy? Here are some tips that most people don't consider:
1.) Do not excessively scold or punish your puppy
In Shih Tzu training, scolding or punishing will be not be an effective means for training your puppy. In fact, this can actually make it harder to train your dog! This is contrary to popular belief and how many people approach training their pet. Don't make this mistake! Shih Tzus best respond to positive and non-violent reinforcement.

2.) Use dog treats the right way
Treats can be very effective way in Shih Tzu training but only if they are used properly. Another mistake that is frequently made is to use treats as a way to bribe your puppy into good behavior. You do not want to use treats as a method for bribing your puppy into good behavior but as a way to reinforce good behavior patterns that your puppy is demonstrating.

3.) Do not force training upon your puppy
Shih Tzu puppies can have a very short attention span. So in Shih Tzu training, take time to train them in short periods of time. If you find your puppy is becoming distracted by something, don't try to force them into training, but simply come back at a later time. The last thing you want to do is cause your puppy to resist training because you uncomfortably force them into training sessions!
Shih Tzu training can be a very tiring, and sometimes discouraging process, but the rewards are astounding! Stick with it, be patient, and take the time to apply these tips, and you will be on your way to successfully training your puppy!

Shih Tzu Breed Information
The Shih Tzu breed holds deep roots from China as the oldest and the smallest of Tibetan holy dogs. The Shih Tzu breed has also been known as the Chinese/Tibetan Lion Dog or the Chrysanthemum dog because it's face looks much like a flower. These cute little dogs have been known to be smart, friendly, full of energy, and lively. The Shih Tzu lifespan is usually around 15years and even as high as 18 years with good care.


Shih Tzu Breed Appearance
As for the Shih Tzu's appearance, they are small but have a sturdy build. The Shih Tzu breed can be as tall as 11 inches in height with their body slighty longer than their height. Shih Tzus can be either groomed to have long or short hair. Often for dog shows, the Shih Tzu breed will be groomed with longer hair. Shih Tzu's coats are double-coated and naturally grow very large.

The Shih Tzu's head is in a round shape with a short snout and round, large, wide-set eyes. Their small ears hang down. The Shih Tzu's legs are short but muscular and their feet are firm and rounded. The Shih Tzu's tail curls over their back.

Shih Tzu Breed Temperament
Shih Tzu are very lively and energetic dogs. They are very happy dogs with a lot of charisma. Because they are so courageous, they may come across as arrogant and make great watch dogs. With their dynamic character, they can bark a lot. Shih Tzus are good with children who treat the dog with respect. Shih Tzus are also very loyal to their owners can experience separation anxiety if they are separated from their owners for long periods of time.

Shih Tzu Breed Care
The Shih Tzu breed will require more care than some of the other breeds if their is kept long or at show length. They will need to be brushed daily so they can avoid tangling hair. However, it is not uncommon for people to give their Shih Tzu a short haircut or "puppy cut." One of the big postives is that the Shih Tzu breed does not shed. This is great for people who have allergies because Shih Tzu's are hypo-allergenic.

Shih Tzu Breed Health Problems
The Shih Tzu's life span is normally 11-14 years. This can very though depending on the type of care the Shih Tzu receives. Some common issues associated with the Shih Tzu breed are portosystemic liver shunt, hih dysplasis, and renal dysplasia. The Shih Tzu breed can also suffer from different eye problems.

Teacup Shih Tzu
A teacup Shih Tzu is just like any other Shih Tzu except it weighs 5-6 pounds. The weight standard for a Shih Tzu by the American Kennel Club is 9 to 16 pounds. The term "teacup" (or "tea cup") or "imperial" are terms used to describe small adult Shih Tzu dogs. These terms aren't official terms by any kennel club, but they are used frequently by normal people to describe their type of dog, such as the case with a teacup Shih Tzu. It should be important to note that the teacup Shih Tzu does not conform with the breed standard of a Shih Tzu. You can read more about Shih Tzu breed standards in our article about

A teacup Shih Tzu is smaller version of an already small Shih Tzu. These teacup Shih Tzu dogs can be very cute, but some Shih Tzu breeders are concerned with the use of the term "teacup." The fear is that advertising a teacup Shih Tzu is a sorry excuse to mask health problems that can be associated with extremely small dogs. Some breeders will charge more for the very "special" teacup Shih Tzu when really the Shih Tzu is just a runt. Also, be wary of breeders who claim that there teacup Shih Tzu dogs possess the "teacup" gene when there is no proof that a gene like that exists.

So use caution if you decide to purchase a teacup Shih Tzu. Don't let breeders unfairly charge you for this "special" breed of Shih Tzu. Also in buying a teacup Shih Tzu, be sure to investigate any potential health problems.



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